Efficacy and Safety of Volanesorsen (ISIS 304801): the Evidence from Phase 2 and 3 Clinical Trials

Purpose of Review: To revise the clinical evidence supporting the use of volanesorsen as new lipid-lowering drug and to assess the efficacy and safety of volanesorsen (ISIS 304801) through a systematic review of the literature and a meta-analysis of the available phase 2 and phase 3 clinical studies. Recent Findings: The meta-analysis of three clinical studies comprising 11 arms (N = l 156 subjects, with 95 in the active-treated arm and 61 in the control one) shows that volanesorsen significantly affects plasma levels of triglycerides (TG) [MD = − 67.90%, 95%CI = − 85.32, − 50.48, P < 0.001], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) [MD = 40.06%, 95%CI: 32.79, 47.34, P < 0.001], very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) [MD = − 72.90%, 95%CI = − 82.73, − 63.07, P < 0.001], apolipoprotein B (Apo B) [MD = 8%, 95%CI = 2.17, 13.84, P = 0.007], Apo B-48 [MD = − 64.63, 95%CI = − 105.37, − 23.88, P = 0.002], ApoCIII [MD = − 74.83%, 95%CI = − 85.93, − 63.73, P < 0.001], and VLDL ApoCIII [MD = − 83.69%, 95%CI = − 94.08, − 73.29, P < 0.001], without significant impact on LDL-C [MD = 47.01%, 95%CI = − 1.31, 95.33, P = 0.057] levels. Treatment with volanesorsen was associated with an higher risk of injection site reaction (OR = 32.89, 95%CI = 7.97,135,74, P < 0.001) and with an increased risk of upper respiratory tract infections (OR = 10.58, 95%CI = 1.23, 90.93, P < 0.05) when compared to placebo. Summary: Volanesorsen has a relevant impact on plasma TG and related parameters without affecting LDL cholesterolemia and is associated with an acceptable safety profile.